Water Overlay: Difference between revisions

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{{learned|what the Water Overlays are|how to configure the Water Overlays}}
A Water Overlay is a [[Grid Overlay|grid overlay]] for which results are calculated by the [[Water Module]]. The [[Water_Module_Basics|Basic theory of the Water Module]] in the {{software}} is an implementation of a 2D grid based shallow water model based on the 2D Saint Venant equations. The module is further enhanced with infiltration, evaporation, groundwater flow and hydraulic structures. Depending on the use case, the simulated period can be set to few seconds and up to a few months. The [[Water_Module_Theory|theory]] section describes in detail how calculations are performed.
__NOTOC__
To perform the calculations, the project area is divided into a [[Grid overlay|grid of cells]]. Each cell has a specific quantity of water and specific hydrological parameters based on the data in the project. The total time which should be simulated is divided into discrete [[Timestep formula (Water Overlay)|timesteps]]. Per timestep, each cell communicates with its adjacent cells to exchange water, based on its water level, surface height, current flow direction and other factors. Accuracy and reliability is obtained by dividing the project area and simulation time into sufficiently small cells and steps, at the cost of more computation time.


==What are the Water Overlays==
The final results of the calculation can be inspected, as well as intermediate snapshots of the hydrological situation during the simulation, known as [[Timeframes (Water Overlay)|timeframes]].
With the Water Overlays the following overlays are meant:
* [[Rainfall_(Overlay)|Rainfall Overlay]]
* [[Flooding_(Overlay)|Flooding Overlay]]
* [[Groundwater_(Overlay)|Groundwater Overlay]]


Each of these overlays have some common configuration steps which will be described on this page.
==Variants==
 
A Water Module will be initialized by adding one of the following Overlays to a project. Each variant has a number of parameters tuned to best fit specific use-cases. This means that each of these overlays is based on the same theory and calculation method, however they are customized to conveniently provide insight in different aspects of the Water Module.  
==Result types==
Each Water Overlay is a [[grid overlay]] showing results on the surface (flooding), sub-surface (groundwater), open water and sewer system. The following results are produced:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Result type
|[[File:Overlay_rainfall.png]]
! Unit
|[[Rainfall_(Overlay)|Rainfall Overlay]]
! Description
|provides insight into the water stress and impact caused by (excessive) rainfall
|-
|-
|BASE_GROUNDWATER_DISTANCE
|[[File:Overlay_flooding.png]]
|m (below surface)
|[[Flooding_(Overlay)|Flooding Overlay]]
|Initial groundwater level relative to the surface level (NL: ontwateringsdiepte).
|provides insight into water stress and impact caused by breaches in levees or other sources causing excessive water inflow
|-
|-
|BASE_TYPES
||[[File:Overlay_groundwater.png]]
|nominal value
|[[Groundwater_(Overlay)|Groundwater Overlay]]
|Division of gridcells in water, land or sewer areas that are connected to the sewer.
|provides insight into long-term processes of water flow both on the surface and underground
|-f
|}
|EVAPORATED
<!--==Input Data and Settings==
|m (mm)&sup1;
The calculations performed by the Water Overlay are influenced by many kinds of geographical information present in the project area. For any given location, [[terrain]], [[construction]]s and other features can influence either the initial state of the simulation or how water flows in a given area.
|Total evaporation over the simulation period
 
|-
Furthermore, the Water Overlay features a number of overall settings which can be configured for the hydrological calculations and its results. These settings do not have a geographical or temporal element to them, and are fixed values relevant for the simulation as a whole.
|IMPACTED_BUILDINGS
 
|nominal value
;[[Hydrologic_features_(Water_Overlay)|Hydrological features]]
|Constructions impacted by flood: the value from the function value indicator is assigned to a building if the water depth at a grid-cell surrounding the building exceeds the overlay attribute value IMPACT_FLOOD_TRESHOLD_M
:The water system can be enhanced with a number of hydrological features, which can be loaded in as [[area]]s. These hydrological features form special properties or modifications on the hydrological system. See [[Hydrologic_features_(Water_Overlay)|Hydological features]] for a list of supported features.
|-
;[[Hydraulic structures (Water Overlay)|Hydraulic structures]]
|SEWER_LAST_VALUE
:See [[Hydraulic structures (Water Overlay)|Hydraulic structures]] for the list of supported structures.
|m (mm)&sup1;
;[[Additional_hydrological_attributes_of_buildings_(Water Overlay)|Hydrological attributes of buildings]]
|The amount of water in the sewer storage at the end of simulation
:Besides the [[building]]s which directly influence the hydrologic model as a [[Hydraulic structures (Water Overlay)|hydraulic structure]], each building may also have attributes which can contribute to the hydrological model in some way. These attributes are stored and used on a grid cell level. This is different from the hydraulic structure attributes, which are stored and used on an object level. For a full list, see [[Additional_hydrological_attributes_of_buildings_(Water Overlay)|Additional hydrological attributes of buildings]].
|-
;[[Terrain_attributes_(Water_Overlay)| Hydrological attributes of terrain]]
|SEWER_MAX_VALUE
:[[Terrain]]s in a project have a number of hydrological attributes which can influence the flow of water in a project. Because there is always both surface and underground terrain defined for the entirety of the project area, all cells are affected by all attributes of terrains, unless a building is present with overwriting values. For a full list, see [[Terrain_attributes_(Water_Overlay)| Terrain attributes for the water overlay]].
|m (mm)&sup1;
;[[Model_attributes_(Water_Overlay)|Model settings]]
|Maximum amount of water in the sewer storage during the simulation
:For a full list, see: [[Model_attributes_(Water_Overlay)|Water Model attributes]]
|-
 
|SURFACE_DURATION
==Troubleshoot, warnings and recommendations==
|s (min)&sup1;
When the Water Overlay is used and calculations take place, there are some problems or points of attention the calculation can run into. Where possible, the Water Overlay will show appropriate warnings when running into any issues.
|The amount of time the water depth in a cell exceeds the value set in the overlay attribute value SHOW_DURATION_FLOOD_LEVEL_M
See [[Warning_and_recommendations_(Water_Overlay)|Troubleshoot, warnings and recommendations]];
|-
-->
|SURFACE_FLOW
 
|m3/m2
==Results==
|Total volume of water passed a grid-cell, scaled by the cell surface (grid cell-size^2)
With a Water Overlay, a user can generate multiple [[Results_(Water_Overlay)|results]] for a single water simulation. For further information about these outcomes, see also [[Results_(Water_Overlay)|results]] and [[Result type (Water Overlay)|result types]].
|-
 
|SURFACE_LAST_VALUE
==How-to's==
|m (min)&sup1;
* [[How to add and remove an Overlay]]
|Water depth at the end of simulation
* [[How to manually configure a Water Overlay|Configure a Water Overlay]]
|-
* [[How to edit an overlay legend|Edit an overlay legend]]
|SURFACE_MAX_VALUE
* [[How to add Subsidence (Water Overlay)|Combine with Subsidence Overlay]]
|m (min)&sup1;
* [[Water Model Limits]] (some basic rules)
|Maximum water depth during the simulation
 
|-
===Features and components===
|UNDERGROUND_FLOW
* [[Hydrological features (Water Overlay)|Hydrological features]]
|m&sup3;/m&sup2;
* [[Hydraulic structures (Water Overlay)|Hydraulic structures]]
|Totall infiltration amount from the surface to groundwater
* [[How to_manually_configure_a_Water_Overlay|Manual configuration Options]]
|-
* [[Simulation data (Water Overlay)|Simulation data]]
|UNDERGROUND_LAST_VALUE
 
|m (mm)
===Attributes===
|The amount by which the groundwater table has risen above the initial groundwater level at the end of simulation
* [[Model attributes (Water Overlay)|Water Module Attributes]]
|-
* [[Hydrological attributes of buildings (Water Overlay)|Hydrological Attributes of Buildings]]
|UNDERGROUND_MAX_VALUE
* [[Hydrological attributes of terrains (Water Overlay)|Hydrological Attributes of Terrains]]
|m (mm)
|The maximum amount by which the groundwater table has risen above the initial groundwater during the simulation
|-
|WATER_STRESS
|m (mm)
|The Maximum water depth during the simulation. At water cells only a water depth is shown if the depth exceeds the overlay attribute value ALLOWED_WATER_INCREASE_M


|}
{{WaterOverlay output nav}}
{{Overlay nav}}


&sup1; the units between () are as displayed in the 3D client. If exported to GTiff the SI-convention is used: meters (m) and seconds (s).
[[Category:Water Module]][[Category:Overlays with result types]]

Latest revision as of 13:40, 17 January 2023

A Water Overlay is a grid overlay for which results are calculated by the Water Module. The Basic theory of the Water Module in the Tygron Platform is an implementation of a 2D grid based shallow water model based on the 2D Saint Venant equations. The module is further enhanced with infiltration, evaporation, groundwater flow and hydraulic structures. Depending on the use case, the simulated period can be set to few seconds and up to a few months. The theory section describes in detail how calculations are performed.

To perform the calculations, the project area is divided into a grid of cells. Each cell has a specific quantity of water and specific hydrological parameters based on the data in the project. The total time which should be simulated is divided into discrete timesteps. Per timestep, each cell communicates with its adjacent cells to exchange water, based on its water level, surface height, current flow direction and other factors. Accuracy and reliability is obtained by dividing the project area and simulation time into sufficiently small cells and steps, at the cost of more computation time.

The final results of the calculation can be inspected, as well as intermediate snapshots of the hydrological situation during the simulation, known as timeframes.

Variants

A Water Module will be initialized by adding one of the following Overlays to a project. Each variant has a number of parameters tuned to best fit specific use-cases. This means that each of these overlays is based on the same theory and calculation method, however they are customized to conveniently provide insight in different aspects of the Water Module.

Overlay rainfall.png Rainfall Overlay provides insight into the water stress and impact caused by (excessive) rainfall
Overlay flooding.png Flooding Overlay provides insight into water stress and impact caused by breaches in levees or other sources causing excessive water inflow
Overlay groundwater.png Groundwater Overlay provides insight into long-term processes of water flow both on the surface and underground

Results

With a Water Overlay, a user can generate multiple results for a single water simulation. For further information about these outcomes, see also results and result types.

How-to's

Features and components

Attributes

Water Module
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Water Module
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Tutorials
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Overview
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Theory
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Benchmarks
Group
Output keys
Object flow output • Object height output • Object datum output a • Object datum output b • Object width output
Output other
Result type • Water balance • System visualization • Weather visualization • Debug info
Related
Building attributes • Hydraulic structures • Hydrological features •  Terrain attributes • Model attributes • Simulation data
Overlays
Categorization
Grid • Parent • Result Child • Result Parent • Result type
Default
City
Administrative
Ownership • Ownership Grid • Zipcodes • Zoning • Neighborhoods • Municipalities • Vacancy
Environmental
Heat Stress • Traffic Density • Traffic Noise • Traffic NO2 • Livability • Aerius
Water
Rainfall • Flooding • Groundwater • Subsidence • Watershed • Waterwijzer
Raster Calculation
Average • Combo • Distance • Sight Distance • Travel Distance
Geo Data
Area • Attribute • GeoTIFF • WCS • WMS • Image
Topography
Digital Surface Model • Digital Terrain Model • Underground • Function • Source
Network
Network Distance • Network Overview • Network Ownership
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