|
|
| (10 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| {{learned|file=FinanceLogo1.jpg|what a financial system is|what role the financial system plays in the {{software}}|about the elements of the financial system in the {{software}}|how to adjust the financial system in the {{software}}}}
| |
|
| |
| ==The Financial System in the {{software}}==
| |
|
| |
| In finance, the [//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_system Financial System] is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers (or investors) and borrowers. | | In finance, the [//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_system Financial System] is the system that allows the transfer of money between savers (or investors) and borrowers. |
|
| |
|
| The Financial System in the {{software}} handles all costs and income. It allows money transfers between the different [[stakeholders]] and the [[Facilitator|facilitator]]. Transfers can be executed between both playable and non-playable Stakeholders, where the facilitator can transfer money on behalf of the latter. This is useful, for example, as part of the negotiation process. | | The Financial System in the {{software}} handles all costs and income. It allows money transfers between the different [[stakeholders]] and the facilitator. Transfers can be executed between both playable and non-playable Stakeholders, where the facilitator can transfer money on behalf of the latter. This is useful, for example, as part of the negotiation process. |
|
| |
|
| The system supports [[land transactions]], the granting of [[#Subsidies|subsidies]] and [[#(Bank) Loans|loans]]. It also takes extra costs, such as [[#Buy out costs|buy-out fees]], into consideration when demolishing non-vacant structures. The {{software}} provides default values and calculations. However, by customizing these [[Function Values|values]], the system can be further tailored to a specific case by inserting financial data a user might have at his disposal. | | The system supports [[land transactions]], the granting of [[#Subsidies|subsidies]] and [[#(Bank) Loans|loans]]. It also takes extra costs, such as [[#Buy out costs|buy-out fees]], into consideration when demolishing non-vacant structures. The {{software}} provides default values and calculations. However, by customizing these [[Function Values|values]], the system can be further tailored to a specific case by inserting financial data a user might have at his disposal. |
| Line 11: |
Line 7: |
| ==Elements of the Financial System in the {{software}}== | | ==Elements of the Financial System in the {{software}}== |
|
| |
|
| The financial system in the {{software}} consists of certain basic elements. These elements can be divided over two distinct groups: costs and income. The effect of these elements is depicted per stakeholder in their [[Budget (Indicator)|budget indicator]]. | | The financial system in the {{software}} consists of certain basic elements. These elements can be divided into two distinct groups: [[cost]] and [[income]]. The effect of these elements is depicted per stakeholder in their [[Budget (Indicator)|budget indicator]]. During a session, a stakeholder has to keep its budget sheet in balance and keep possible budget targets in consideration. |
| | |
| ===Costs===
| |
| | |
| In the {{software}} costs are generated as follows:
| |
| | |
| ====Construction costs====
| |
| : Construction costs refer to the value of money that has been used up to build a construction in the {{software}}. Also the costs for terrain adjustments, such as lowering and raising the terrain, or changing the type of terrain, are referred to as Construction Costs.
| |
| | |
| ====Demolition costs====
| |
| : Demolition costs refer to the value of money that has been used up to demolish an already existing construction in the {{software}}.
| |
| | |
| ====Land Price when buying====
| |
| : The land price when buying reflect the purchase costs per measurement. This is a default value, however, this value is open for change during the negotiation process between the involved stakeholders.
| |
| | |
| ====Buy out costs====
| |
| : When demolishing a construction in the {{software}} during a [[Project Session|project session]], the associated costs can be considerable higher when the building is not vacant. These extra costs are the buy out fee that needs to be paid to the occupants for their relocation. In general it is cheaper to demolish vacant buildings, without the need for such a buy out fee.
| |
| | |
| ====Interest (loan costs)====
| |
| : When a stakeholder is granted a (bank) loan, the calculated interest will be taken into account as costs. This is currently a fixed value in the {{software}} of an annual rate of 4%.
| |
| | |
| ====Money Transfers to other Stakeholders====
| |
| : It is possible to transfer money to other stakeholders. This can happen, for example, as part of the negotiation process; one stakeholder performs an action that also positively affects an indicator for another stakeholder, who is willing to contribute to the project with an amount of money.
| |
| | |
| ===Income===
| |
| | |
| In the {{software}}, income refers to the incoming money flow per stakeholder. Income can be generated from the following sources:
| |
| | |
| ====Income from constructions (rent)====
| |
| : When a construction, such as an apartment block, is finished, the object will generate income for the owner. In order to calculate rental income, the total rent over an object during it's economical life span is added to the budget of the owner upon completion of the construction.
| |
| | |
| ====Land price when selling====
| |
| : Selling an object will generate income in the form of sales income. Even extreme low price settings will generate income. This does not mean that the income generates profit automatically, as that depends on prior costs before the transaction. For example, selling a piece of land for a low price of 1 Euro per square meter, when previously a construction was demolished there for 10.000 Euro per square meter, will generate income, however, there will be a negative profit margin (loss) left over after the sale.
| |
| | |
| ====Subsidies====
| |
| : Subsidies are a form of income where one party grants a sum of money to another party, often with special conditions. A municipality can grant a subsidy to a project developer for a certain project, under condition that the developer uses the subsidy to construct extra green roofs, parking lots, water storage, etc. Subsidies are considered regular income in the {{software}}.
| |
| | |
| ====(Bank) Loans====
| |
| : A special form of income are (bank) loans. According to the definition, loans do increase the budget (= monetary consumption ability) available for the borrowing stakeholder. However, loans are subtracted from the lenders capital. In case the stakeholder has a bigger loan that actual capital, the stakeholder will not be able to score at all (in the total score). It is also worth considering that borrowing money costs money (interest), which is a cost (See also [[#Interest (loan costs)|Interest (loan costs)]])
| |
| | |
| ====Money Transfers from other Stakeholders====
| |
| : It is possible to receive a money transfer from other stakeholders. This can happen, for example, as part of the negotiation process; one stakeholder performs an action that also positively affects an indicator for another stakeholder. The acting stakeholder can receive a money transfer as contribution from the affected stakeholder.
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Adjusting the Financial System in the {{software}}== | | ==Adjusting the Financial System in the {{software}}== |
| In order to incorporate custom financial data, default values used in the {{software}} can be adjusted accordingly. Most of these values can be changed in the Function Value panel, which is located under the [[Indicators]] menu in the [[Editor]]. For more information about function values - for example how to add functions or add different categories to functions - see also the main article about [[functions]]. | | In order to incorporate custom financial data, default values used in the {{software}} can be adjusted accordingly. Most of these values can be changed in the Function Value panel, which is located under the [[Indicators]] menu in the [[Editor]]. For more information about function values - for example how to add functions or add different categories to functions - see also the main article about [[functions]]. |
| {{Editor ribbon|header=Indicators|bar=Function Values}} | | {{Editor location|Function Values}} |
| <gallery heights=400px mode=packed> | | <gallery heights=400px mode=packed> |
| File:FinanceFunctionValuesPanel.jpg|Function Values panel | | File:FinanceFunctionValuesPanel.jpg|Function Values panel |
| </gallery> | | </gallery> |
| ===Adjusting construction costs===
| |
| The Construction Costs can be adjusted in the Function Value panel. These costs are displayed in an amount of money x 1,000/ surface unit. Currency and measurement units depend on the selected region (localization) of the project.
| |
|
| |
| ===Adjusting demolition costs===
| |
| The Demolition Costs can be adjusted in the Function Value panel. These costs are displayed in an amount of money x 1,000/ surface unit. Currency and measurement units depend on the selected region (localization) of the project.
| |
|
| |
| ===Adjusting land price when buying===
| |
| The Buy Price for land transactions has a default value of 400, whatever the currency unit is used. The actual adjusting of the price takes place during a session, where the buying party can change this default value when proposing a transaction to another stakeholder.
| |
|
| |
| {{Editor steps|Open a project with land transactions available to the stakeholders|Select 'Buy/ sell land' from the available actions on the left side of the screen.|Select 'Buy land' from the action menu.|Select the area to buy in the 3D world.|Adjust the proposed Buy Price, if desired.}} [[File:FinanceLandBuyPrice.jpg|350px|thumb|Adjusting Buy Price during a session]]
| |
|
| |
| ===Adjusting buy out costs===
| |
| The Buy Out fee are the costs involved with the relocation of inhabitants, when demolishing a structure that is not vacant. These costs can have a high impact on planned projects. Adjusting these costs can be done in the Function Value panel for each structure in the project area.
| |
|
| |
| ===Adjusting interest to be paid over (bank) loans===
| |
| Currently the amount of interest is a fixed value in the {{software}}, which can not be adjusted. For simulation purposes of a planning project, the actual value is not that important. However, when there is demand for this value to be adjustable, this feature can easily be implemented in a future update.
| |
|
| |
| ===Adjusting income generated by constructing===
| |
| When a structure is constructed, an amount of money becomes available for the stakeholder that constructed it. This income is called the 'Sell Price' and can be adjusted in the Function value panel for each function. This 'Sell Price' also refers to the income generated on rental objects, such as constructions by housing corporations. The rent income is calculated over the economical lifespan of an object and the total is then added as one amount to the budget of the stakeholder upon completion of the project.
| |
|
| |
| ===Adjusting land price when selling===
| |
| The Sell Price for land transactions has a default value of 400, whatever the currency unit is used. The actual adjusting of the price takes place during a session, where the selling party can change this default value when proposing a transaction to another stakeholder.
| |
|
| |
| {{Editor steps|Open a project with land transactions available to the stakeholders|Select 'Buy/ sell land' from the available actions on the left side of the screen.|Select 'Buy land' from the action menu.|Select the area to sell in the 3D world|Adjust the Sell Price, if desired}} [[File:FinanceLandSellPrice.jpg|350px|thumb|Adjusting Sell Price during a session]]
| |
| ===Adjusting subsidies===
| |
| Requesting of subsidies, and the consequently adjusting of the amount of subsidy, takes place during a session. This can only occur when the financial options to do so are initially implemented in the project. In case this option is available, follow the below steps:
| |
|
| |
| {{Editor steps|Open a project with financial options, such as Request Subsidy, available to the stakeholders|Select ´Financial Options´ from the available actions on the left side of the screen.|Select ´Request Subsidy´ from the action menu.|Select the stakeholder to request the subsidy from|Select the amount of subsidy to request}} [[File:FinanceRequestSubsidyPanel.jpg|200px|thumb|Selecting the amount of subsidy to request]]
| |
|
| |
| ===Adjusting the amount of (bank) loans===
| |
| Requesting a bank loan, and the consequently adjusting of the amount of the loan and period, takes place during a session. This can only occur when the financial options to do so were implemented in the project. In case this option is available, follow the below steps:
| |
|
| |
| {{Editor steps|Open a project with financial options, such as 'Bank Loans', available to the stakeholders|Select ´Financial Options´ from the available actions on the left side of the screen.|Select 'Bank Loans' from the action menu.|Select the duration of the loan|Select the amount of the loan request}} [[File:FinanceRequestLoanPanel.jpg|200px|thumb|Selecting the amount of the loan request]]
| |
|
| |
| ===Adjusting the amount of a Money Transfer===
| |
| Adjusting the amount of a Money Transfer also only takes place during a session. This can only occur when the financial options to do so were implemented in the project. In case this option is available, follow the below steps:
| |
|
| |
|
| {{Editor steps|Open a project with financial options, such as 'Money Transfer', available to the stakeholders|Select ´Financial Options´ from the available actions on the left side of the screen.|Select 'Money Transfer' from the action menu.|Select the stakeholder to transfer the money to|Select the amount of money to transfer}} [[File:FinanceTransferMoneyPanel.jpg|200px|thumb|Selecting the amount of money to transfer]]
| | ==See also== |
| | *[[Cost]] |
| | *[[Income]] |
