UHI formula (Heat Overlay): Difference between revisions
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The Urban heat island effect is calculated using the following formula:<br> | The Urban heat island effect is calculated<ref name='rmets'/> using the following formula:<br> | ||
<math>UHI_{max} = ( 2 - S_{vf} - F_{veg} ) \cdot \sqrt[4]{\frac{ S \cdot (T_{max}-T_{min})^3}{U}}</math> | <math>UHI_{max} = ( 2 - S_{vf} - F_{veg} ) \cdot \sqrt[4]{\frac{ S \cdot (T_{max}-T_{min})^3}{U}}</math> | ||
where: | where: | ||
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==Formula Decomposition== | ==Formula Decomposition== | ||
The formula has two parts, the factor and the temperature effect:<br> | The formula has two parts, the factor and the temperature effect:<br> | ||
<math>UHI_{max} = factor \cdot effect_{temperature}</math> | |||
====Factor==== | ====Factor==== | ||
The factor is influenced by the sky view factor and the vegetation fraction, both ranging from 0 to 1. When both are low, i.e. barely any sky and no vegetation, the factor is near 2. When both are high, i.e. no surrounding buildings and a lot of vegetation, the factor is near 0. | The factor is influenced by the sky view factor and the vegetation fraction, both ranging from 0 to 1. When both are low, i.e. barely any sky and no vegetation, the factor is near 2. When both are high, i.e. no surrounding buildings and a lot of vegetation, the factor is near 0. In that case, the resulting heat island effect will be low as well. | ||
====Temperature effect==== | ====Temperature effect==== | ||
The Urban heat island temperature effect is calculated as: | The Urban heat island temperature effect is calculated as: | ||
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* <math>\rho_{air}</math> is the calculated air density in kg/m<sup>3</sup>; | * <math>\rho_{air}</math> is the calculated air density in kg/m<sup>3</sup>; | ||
* <math>R_{specific}</math> is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gas_constant|specific gas constant] for dry air. We use a value of 287.058 J/(kg·K) | * <math>R_{specific}</math> is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_gas_constant|specific gas constant] for dry air. We use a value of 287.058 J/(kg·K) | ||
* <math>273.15</math> converts the used temperature from celcius (°C) to kelvin (K) | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Temperature_formulas_(Heat_Overlay)#Atmospheric Temperature formula|Atmospheric temperature formula]] | * [[Temperature_formulas_(Heat_Overlay)#Atmospheric Temperature formula|Atmospheric temperature formula]] | ||
{{Template:HeatOverlay_formula_nav}} | {{Template:HeatOverlay_formula_nav}} | ||
==References== | |||
<references> | |||
<ref name='rmets'>A diagnostic equation for the daily maximum urban heat island effect for cities in northwestern Europe • N.E. Theeuwes et al. • http://www.meteo.wur.nl/medewerkers/steeneveld/Theeuwes_JOC_2016.pdf • last visited 13-02-2020</ref> | |||
</references> | |||
Latest revision as of 11:53, 13 September 2021
The Urban heat island effect is calculated[1] using the following formula:
where:
![{\displaystyle UHI_{max}=(2-S_{vf}-F_{veg})\cdot {\sqrt[{4}]{\frac {S\cdot (T_{max}-T_{min})^{3}}{U}}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/29b572cdbb252ec0305752541e23969fd1caa508)
- Svf is the calculated average sky view factor;
- Fveg is the calculated average vegetation fraction;
- S is the calculated daily average global radiation in K m/s
- Tmax is the maximum temperature measured at a weather station between 8 AM and 7 AM the next day.
- Tmin is the minimum temperature measured at a weather station between 8 AM and 7 AM the next day.
- U is the daily average wind speed measured at 10 meters above ground at a weather station.
Formula Decomposition
The formula has two parts, the factor and the temperature effect:
Factor
The factor is influenced by the sky view factor and the vegetation fraction, both ranging from 0 to 1. When both are low, i.e. barely any sky and no vegetation, the factor is near 2. When both are high, i.e. no surrounding buildings and a lot of vegetation, the factor is near 0. In that case, the resulting heat island effect will be low as well.
Temperature effect
The Urban heat island temperature effect is calculated as:
- the daily average global radiation S,
- the maximum-minimum temperature difference ΔT
- the daily average wind speed, measured at 10m above ground.
Daily average global radiation
The S is calculated as followed:
where,
- is the daily average global radiation in W/m2/hr
- is the air heat capacity in J. We use a value of 1007 J.
- is the hourly temperature measured at the station
- is the calculated air density in kg/m3;
- is the gas constant for dry air. We use a value of 287.058 J/(kg·K)
- converts the used temperature from celcius (°C) to kelvin (K)
See also
References
- ↑ A diagnostic equation for the daily maximum urban heat island effect for cities in northwestern Europe • N.E. Theeuwes et al. • http://www.meteo.wur.nl/medewerkers/steeneveld/Theeuwes_JOC_2016.pdf • last visited 13-02-2020