Freatic groundwater levels benchmark (Water Module)

This testcase simulates a situation where a parcel of land is situated between two waterways, each with a stable but different water level. In combination with continuous rainfall, a characteristic curve will form over time, as shown in the image below.

Formulas

Due to continuous rainfall and two stable water levels left and right, a specific ground water table curve will form. Part of the rainwater will flow left and part of the it will flow right. Note that the time at which this balance occurs is dependent on the starting situation.

The following formula describes the curve when the ground water levels have become stable: $h^{2}(x)=h_{0}^{2}-({\frac {h_{0}^{2}-h_{L}^{2}}{L}})x+{\frac {N}{k}}(L-x)x$

where:

$x$: distance of the left waterway edge (m)

$h0$: water level at x = 0 (m)

$hL$: water level at x = L (m)

$L$: distance between both waterways (m)

$k$: horizontal infiltration speed (m / day)

$N$: additional ground water (m/day).

Setup

The following setup has been taken from grondwaterformules.nl.

In the situation described there, the chosen Length L is set to 500 m. This is achieved with a grid size of 28 by 5, with a cell size of 20 m. There are two stable ground water levels, one on left of 11 meters (datum) and one on the right at 10 meters (datum). The rainfall is 0.8 mm per day, the horizontal infiltration speed is 3 m per day.

The terrain height is set to 12 for all cells and the ground bottom distance is also set to 12.

The terrain type's infiltration speed can be configured to 3 m / day.

For x = 1 the initial ground water level is set to 11 and for x = 26 the ground water level is set to 10. The initial ground water levels between this points is linearly interpolated.

Additionally, two underground inlets are placed, one on x=1 and one on x=26, as an area over y = 1 to 3.

The simulation time is set to n days, with a rainfall of 0.8 mm per day. To configure this, the rain set is set to $[3600\cdot 24\cdot n,{\frac {0.8}{1000\cdot 3600\cdot 24}}]$.

Results

365 days

The first result is generated for n = 365:

730 days

The second result is generated using n = 730:

Notes

• The amount of days it takes to reach the stable solution is highly dependent on the starting situation.

References

Water Module

Tutorials

Overview

Theory

Benchmarks