Ground model (Water Overlay) - Revision history

Rudolf@tygron.nl at 14:33, 17 October 2025

2025-10-17T14:33:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:33, 17 October 2025
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	===Horizontal flow and aquifers===		===Horizontal flow and aquifers===

	Ground flow is different from surface flow, since it has to account for the slowdown and porousness of the medium. In general, [[Ground flow formula (Water Overlay)\|horizontal ground flow]] is calculated using formulas described in Harbaugh 2005<ref ~~name="~~Harbaugh~~"/><~~ref ~~name="~~Modflow~~"/>~~. Depending on the [[Hydraulic conductivity with thickness (Water Overlay)\|configuration of the Water Overlay ]], the flow can also be calculated using a [[Terrain hydraulic conductivity with thickness md (Water Overlay)\|KD]] values instead of [[Terrain hydraulic conductivity md (Water Overlay)\|K]]. However, when an [[Aquifer (Water Overlay)\|aquifer]] is present, the [[Ground flow formula (Water Overlay)#Aquifer formula\|horizontal aquifer flow]] variant is applied.		Ground flow is different from surface flow, since it has to account for the slowdown and porousness of the medium. In general, [[Ground flow formula (Water Overlay)\|horizontal ground flow]] is calculated using formulas described in Harbaugh 2005{{ref\|Harbaugh}}{{ref\|Modflow}}. Depending on the [[Hydraulic conductivity with thickness (Water Overlay)\|configuration of the Water Overlay ]], the flow can also be calculated using a [[Terrain hydraulic conductivity with thickness md (Water Overlay)\|KD]] values instead of [[Terrain hydraulic conductivity md (Water Overlay)\|K]]. However, when an [[Aquifer (Water Overlay)\|aquifer]] is present, the [[Ground flow formula (Water Overlay)#Aquifer formula\|horizontal aquifer flow]] variant is applied.
	[[File:Undergroundflow2.png\|left]]		[[File:Undergroundflow2.png\|left]]
	{{clear}}		{{clear}}
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	[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture.		[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture.

	{{~~Drainage_variants_reference~~}}		{{Drainage variants reference}}

	{{article end		{{article end
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	\|references=		\|references=
	<references>		<references>
	<ref name=~~"Modflow">~~Langevin, C.D., Hughes, J.D., Banta, E.R., Niswonger, R.G., Panday, Sorab, and Provost, A.M. (2017) ~~∙ Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Flow Model: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods~~, book 6, ~~chap.~~ A55 ~~∙ p 31 ∙ found at:~~ https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm6A55 ~~(last visited~~ 04-02-2025~~)</~~ref>		{{ref\|Modflow
	~~<ref~~ name=~~"Harbaugh">Harbaugh, A.W., 2005,~~ MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model-the Ground-Water Flow Process: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A16, ~~variously paginated~~.~~</ref>~~		\|name=Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Flow Model: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods
			\|author=Langevin, C.D., Hughes, J.D., Banta, E.R., Niswonger, R.G., Panday, Sorab, and Provost, A.M. (2017)
			\|page=31, of book 6, chapter A55
			\|source=
			\|link=https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm6A55
			\|lastvisit=04-02-2025
			}}
			{{ref\|Harbaugh
			\|name=MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model-the Ground-Water Flow Process: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A16
			\|author=>Harbaugh, A.W., 2005
			\|page=various
			\|source=
			\|link=
			\|lastvisit=
			}}
	</references>		</references>
	}}		}}

	{{WaterOverlay formula nav}}		{{WaterOverlay formula nav}}

Maxim@tygron.com at 15:02, 8 October 2025

2025-10-08T15:02:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:02, 8 October 2025
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	: [[Infiltration model (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Infiltration model (Water Overlay)]]
	: [[Tracer flow model (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Tracer flow model (Water Overlay)]]
	\| ~~See also~~		\|seealso=
	* [[Water Overlay ground model cheatsheet]]		* [[Water Overlay ground model cheatsheet]]
	\|references=		\|references=

Maxim@tygron.com at 15:01, 8 October 2025

2025-10-08T15:01:54Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:01, 8 October 2025
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	: [[Infiltration model (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Infiltration model (Water Overlay)]]
	: [[Tracer flow model (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Tracer flow model (Water Overlay)]]
			\| See also
			* [[Water Overlay ground model cheatsheet]]
	\|references=		\|references=
	<references>		<references>

Maxim@tygron.com at 10:19, 15 July 2025

2025-07-15T10:19:03Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:19, 15 July 2025
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	</gallery>		</gallery>

	The Water Module also contains a simplified multi-layer ground model, for [[Infiltration model (Water Overlay)\|infiltration]], [[~~Evaporation~~ model (Water Overlay)\|evapotranspiration]], [[#Bottom flow\|bottom flow]] and [[#Horizontal flow and aquifers\|horizontal flow]] in the ground layer. Additionally, the model also applies a simplified form of exfiltration of water from the soil back onto the surface layer.		The Water Module also contains a simplified multi-layer ground model, for [[Infiltration model (Water Overlay)\|infiltration]], [[Evapotranspiration model (Water Overlay)\|evapotranspiration]], [[#Bottom flow\|bottom flow]] and [[#Horizontal flow and aquifers\|horizontal flow]] in the ground layer. Additionally, the model also applies a simplified form of exfiltration of water from the soil back onto the surface layer.

	==Groundwater modes==		==Groundwater modes==
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	===Vertical flow===		===Vertical flow===
	Vertical ground water flow is modeled as [[Infiltration model (Water Overlay)\|infiltration]] and [[~~Evaporation~~ model (Water Overlay)\|evapotranspiration]].		Vertical ground water flow is modeled as [[Infiltration model (Water Overlay)\|infiltration]] and [[Evapotranspiration model (Water Overlay)\|evapotranspiration]].

	===Horizontal flow and aquifers===		===Horizontal flow and aquifers===
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	: [[Groundwater level formula (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Groundwater level formula (Water Overlay)]]
	: [[Ground flow formula (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Ground flow formula (Water Overlay)]]
	: [[Ground ~~evaporation~~ formula (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Ground transpiration formula (Water Overlay)]]
	: [[Surface infiltration formula (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Surface infiltration formula (Water Overlay)]]
	: [[Ground bottom flow formula (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Ground bottom flow formula (Water Overlay)]]
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	; Models		; Models
	: [[Surface model (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Surface model (Water Overlay)]]
	: [[~~Evaporation~~ model (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Evapotranspiration model (Water Overlay)]]
	: [[Infiltration model (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Infiltration model (Water Overlay)]]
	: [[Tracer flow model (Water Overlay)]]		: [[Tracer flow model (Water Overlay)]]

Frank@tygron.nl at 15:27, 4 February 2025

2025-02-04T15:27:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:27, 4 February 2025
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	\|references=		\|references=
	<references>		<references>
	<ref name="Modflow">Langevin, C.D., Hughes, J.D., Banta, E.R., Niswonger, R.G., Panday, Sorab, and Provost, A.M. (2017) ∙ Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Flow Model: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 6, chap. A55 ∙ p 31 ∙ found at: https://~~doi~~.~~org~~/~~10.3133~~/tm6A55 (last visited ~~2019~~-02-04)</ref>		<ref name="Modflow">Langevin, C.D., Hughes, J.D., Banta, E.R., Niswonger, R.G., Panday, Sorab, and Provost, A.M. (2017) ∙ Documentation for the MODFLOW 6 Groundwater Flow Model: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 6, chap. A55 ∙ p 31 ∙ found at: https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm6A55 (last visited 04-02-2025)</ref>
	<ref name="Harbaugh">Harbaugh, A.W., 2005, MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model-the Ground-Water Flow Process: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A16, variously paginated.</ref>		<ref name="Harbaugh">Harbaugh, A.W., 2005, MODFLOW-2005, the U.S. Geological Survey modular ground-water model-the Ground-Water Flow Process: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6-A16, variously paginated.</ref>
	</references>		</references>

Frank@tygron.nl: /* Drainage */

2024-12-11T17:16:03Z

Drainage

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:16, 11 December 2024
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	===Drainage===		===Drainage===
	[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture. ~~Drainage can be:~~		[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture.

	{{Drainage_variants_reference}}		{{Drainage_variants_reference}}

Frank@tygron.nl: /* Drainage */

2024-12-11T17:14:44Z

Drainage

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:14, 11 December 2024
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	===Drainage===		===Drainage===
	[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture. Drainage can be:		[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture. Drainage can be:
	* [[Drainage (Water Overlay)#Passive Drainage\|Passive Drainage]] lets water flow from the drainage pipes into the waterway.		{{Drainage_variants_reference}}
	* [[Drainage (Water Overlay)#Active Drainage Negative Q\|Active Drainage with a negative Q]] can pump water from from the waterway (with a lower level) into the drainage pipes.
	* [[Drainage (Water Overlay)#Active Drainage Positive Q\|Active Drainage with a positive Q]] can pump water from the drainage pipes up into a waterway (with a higher level).

	{{article end		{{article end

Frank@tygron.nl: /* Drainage */

2024-12-11T17:13:30Z

Drainage

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:13, 11 December 2024
Line 42:		Line 42:
	===Drainage===		===Drainage===
	[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture. Drainage can be:		[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture. Drainage can be:
	* ~~Passive~~ [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] lets water flow from the drainage pipes into the waterway.		* [[Drainage (Water Overlay)#Passive Drainage\|Passive Drainage]] lets water flow from the drainage pipes into the waterway.
	* ~~Active~~ [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a negative ~~[[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage~~ Q]] can pump water from from the waterway (with a lower level) into the drainage pipes.		* [[Drainage (Water Overlay)#Active Drainage Negative Q\|Active Drainage with a negative Q]] can pump water from from the waterway (with a lower level) into the drainage pipes.
	* ~~Active~~ [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a positive ~~[[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage~~ Q]] can pump water from the drainage pipes up into a waterway (with a higher level).		* [[Drainage (Water Overlay)#Active Drainage Positive Q\|Active Drainage with a positive Q]] can pump water from the drainage pipes up into a waterway (with a higher level).

	{{article end		{{article end

Maxim@tygron.com: /* Drainage */

2024-12-11T16:50:48Z

Drainage

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:50, 11 December 2024
Line 43:		Line 43:
	[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture. Drainage can be:		[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture. Drainage can be:
	* Passive [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] lets water flow from the drainage pipes into the waterway.		* Passive [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] lets water flow from the drainage pipes into the waterway.
	* Active [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a negative [[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage Q]] can pump water from from the waterway (with a lower level) up into the drainage pipes.		* Active [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a negative [[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage Q]] can pump water from from the waterway (with a lower level) into the drainage pipes.
	* Active [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a positive [[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage Q]] can pump water from the drainage pipes up into a waterway (with a higher level).		* Active [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a positive [[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage Q]] can pump water from the drainage pipes up into a waterway (with a higher level).

Maxim@tygron.com: /* Drainage */

2024-12-11T16:50:21Z

Drainage

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:50, 11 December 2024
Line 41:		Line 41:

	===Drainage===		===Drainage===
	[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture. Drainage can be ~~passive, where~~ water ~~drains based on water head differences, or active, where the water is pumped~~ from the ~~drain to~~ the ~~nearby~~ waterway. ~~Additionally,~~ the ~~datum height below ground and~~ the ~~overflow height in~~ the waterway ~~can be configured~~.		[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture. Drainage can be:
			* Passive [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] lets water flow from the drainage pipes into the waterway.
			* Active [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a negative [[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage Q]] can pump water from from the waterway (with a lower level) up into the drainage pipes.
			* Active [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a positive [[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage Q]] can pump water from the drainage pipes up into a waterway (with a higher level).

	{{article end		{{article end

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:50, 11 December 2024
Line 43:		Line 43:
	[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture. Drainage can be:		[[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainages]] are hydraulic structures that provide connections between the ground and nearby waterways, draining groundwater to levels which are optimal for agriculture. Drainage can be:
	* Passive [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] lets water flow from the drainage pipes into the waterway.		* Passive [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] lets water flow from the drainage pipes into the waterway.
	* Active [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a negative [[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage Q]] can pump water from from the waterway (with a lower level) up into the drainage pipes.		* Active [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a negative [[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage Q]] can pump water from from the waterway (with a lower level) into the drainage pipes.
	* Active [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a positive [[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage Q]] can pump water from the drainage pipes up into a waterway (with a higher level).		* Active [[Drainage (Water Overlay)\|Drainage]] with a positive [[Drainage q (Water Overlay)\|Drainage Q]] can pump water from the drainage pipes up into a waterway (with a higher level).